The five practical strategies we identify for explicitly teaching students to use metacognition include:
- Define the term. Our simple definition is: "thinking about your thinking as a pathway to better learning."
 - Ask students to supply examples. We use the metaphor of "driving your brain," which helps students understand the concept.
 - Catch students being metacognitive. Celebrate the use of this skill in large and small groups as a way to underscore its importance.
 - Lead class discussions. Use these discussions to encourage students to share ways they use metacognition outside of school.
 - Model the use of metacognition. For instance, talk through problems so students can see how you use higher-order thinking strategies.
 
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